examples: add C++ exception handling example

examples/system/cpp_exceptions/README.md

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+# Example: C++ exception handling
+
+(See the README.md file in the upper level 'examples' directory for more information about examples.)
+
+This example demonstrates usage of C++ exceptions in ESP-IDF.
+
+By default, C++ exceptions support is disabled in ESP-IDF. It can be enabled using `CONFIG_CXX_EXCEPTIONS` configuration option.
+
+In this example, `sdkconfig.defaults` file sets `CONFIG_CXX_EXCEPTIONS` option. This enables both compile time support (`-fexceptions` compiler flag) and run-time support for C++ exception handling.
+
+Example source code declares a class which can throw exception from the constructor, depending on the argument. It illustrates that exceptions can be thrown and caught using standard C++ facilities.
+
+## How to use example
+
+### Configure the project
+
+Run `make menuconfig` and set serial port under Serial Flasher Options.
+
+### Build and Flash
+
+Build the project and flash it to the board, then run monitor tool to view serial output:
+
+```
+make -j4 flash monitor
+```
+
+(To exit the serial monitor, type ``Ctrl-]``.)
+
+See the Getting Started Guide for full steps to configure and use ESP-IDF to build projects.
+
+## Example Output
+
+```
+app_main starting
+In constructor, arg=42
+In constructor, arg=0
+In destructor, m_arg=42
+Exception caught: Exception in constructor
+app_main done
+```
+